Glossary

40+ trading and statistical terms defined.

B

Backwardation

When near-term futures or volatility contracts trade higher than longer-dated ones, signaling stress or hedging demand.

On Curistat: VIX Term Structure signal

BOCD (Bayesian Online Change Detection)

Statistical method that detects regime changes in real time by computing the probability that the current data point comes from a new distribution.

On Curistat: Methodology

C

CESI (Curistat Event Surprise Index)

Proprietary index measuring how much economic data deviated from consensus expectations, scaled 0-100.

On Curistat: Event impact pages

Contango

Normal term structure where longer-dated contracts trade above near-term ones, reflecting time value and carry cost.

On Curistat: VIX Term Structure signal

CRC (Curistat Regime Composite)

Ensemble score (0-100) fusing five statistical models to identify the current volatility regime.

On Curistat: Dashboard, regime page

CTA (Commodity Trading Advisor)

Systematic fund that trades futures using trend-following and momentum strategies. Their aggregate positioning can move markets.

On Curistat: CTA Positioning signal

CTI (Curistat Tradeability Index)

Score (0-100) indicating how favorable conditions are for active trading based on volatility, regime clarity, and events.

On Curistat: Dashboard

D

Delta

Net buying vs selling pressure. Positive delta = more aggressive buying. Negative delta = more aggressive selling.

On Curistat: Market structure analysis

Drawdown

Peak-to-trough decline in account equity, usually expressed as a percentage.

On Curistat: Simulator, recovery tool

E

ETH (Extended Trading Hours)

The overnight futures session from 6:00 PM to 9:30 AM ET. Lower volume but can set key levels for RTH.

On Curistat: ETH Range, ETH S/R signals

Expected Value

The average outcome of a trade over many repetitions: (Win Rate x Avg Win) - (Loss Rate x Avg Loss).

On Curistat: Simulator results

F

Fat Tails

Statistical distribution property where extreme events occur more often than a normal distribution predicts. Common in financial returns.

On Curistat: Methodology

G

GEX (Gamma Exposure)

Net gamma exposure of market makers across all options strikes. Positive GEX = market makers dampen moves. Negative GEX = they amplify moves.

On Curistat: Planned feature

H

HMM (Hidden Markov Model)

Statistical model that infers hidden states (like volatility regimes) from observable data sequences.

On Curistat: Methodology

Hurst Exponent

Measure of long-term memory in a time series. H > 0.5 = trending. H < 0.5 = mean-reverting. H = 0.5 = random walk.

On Curistat: Methodology

I

IBS (Internal Bar Strength)

Where price closed relative to its daily range: (Close-Low)/(High-Low). Values near 0 = closed at the low, near 1 = closed at the high.

On Curistat: IBS signal

Implied Volatility

The market's forecast of future volatility, derived from option prices. Higher IV = more expected movement.

On Curistat: VIX-based signals

K

Kelly Criterion

Formula for optimal bet sizing: f* = (bp - q) / b, where b = odds, p = win probability, q = loss probability.

On Curistat: Kelly calculator

L

LPI (Liquidity Pulse Index)

Real-time liquidity score (0-100) based on bid-ask spreads, depth, and volume patterns.

On Curistat: Dashboard

M

Max Drawdown

The largest peak-to-trough decline in account equity during a specific period. Key risk metric for prop firms.

On Curistat: Simulator, prop firm rules

Mean Reversion

Tendency for prices to return to their average after moving to extremes. Basis for many short-term trading strategies.

On Curistat: Directional signals

Momentum

The tendency for assets that have been rising to continue rising, and falling assets to continue falling, over intermediate timeframes.

On Curistat: CTA Positioning signal

Monte Carlo Simulation

Running thousands of randomized scenarios to estimate probability distributions of outcomes like drawdown and ruin.

On Curistat: Prop Firm Simulator

O

OPEX (Options Expiration)

The date when options contracts expire. Can cause unusual volume and volatility, especially on monthly and quarterly dates.

On Curistat: Event calendar

P

POC (Point of Control)

The price level where the most volume traded during a session. Acts as a magnet for price.

On Curistat: Value Area signal

Profit Factor

Total gross profit divided by total gross loss. Above 1.0 = profitable system. Above 2.0 = strong edge.

On Curistat: Backtest results

R

Realized Volatility

Actual measured volatility of an asset over a past period, as opposed to implied (forward-looking) volatility.

On Curistat: Forecast model

Regime

A distinct market state characterized by specific volatility, trend, and correlation patterns. Markets alternate between regimes.

On Curistat: CRC, regime page

Risk of Ruin

Probability of losing enough capital to be unable to continue trading. Depends on win rate, payoff ratio, and bet size.

On Curistat: Simulator results

RTH (Regular Trading Hours)

The main US equity futures session from 9:30 AM to 4:00 PM ET. Highest volume and most institutional participation.

On Curistat: Throughout platform

S

SampEn (Sample Entropy)

Measure of complexity and regularity in a time series. Higher = more random/complex. Lower = more predictable.

On Curistat: Methodology

Sharpe Ratio

Risk-adjusted return: (Return - Risk Free Rate) / Standard Deviation. Above 1.0 = good. Above 2.0 = excellent.

On Curistat: Backtest results

SKEW

CBOE SKEW Index measuring tail risk priced into S&P 500 options. Higher values = market pricing more crash risk.

On Curistat: Dashboard, model features

T

Term Structure

The relationship between prices or yields across different time horizons. In volatility, the curve of VIX across 9-day, 30-day, and 3-month windows.

On Curistat: VIX Term Structure signal

V

Value Area

The price range containing 70% of a session's volume. Prices outside the Value Area tend to return to it.

On Curistat: Value Area signal

VIX

CBOE Volatility Index measuring 30-day implied volatility of S&P 500 options. The market's primary fear gauge.

On Curistat: Throughout platform

VIX3M

3-month VIX. Compared to VIX to determine term structure (contango vs backwardation).

On Curistat: VIX Term Structure signal

VIX9D

9-day VIX. Reflects very short-term implied volatility expectations, useful for detecting imminent events.

On Curistat: Model features

Volatility Clustering

The tendency for large price moves to be followed by large moves, and small moves by small moves. A key property of financial markets.

On Curistat: Methodology

Volatility Rating

Daily volatility rating from 1 (calm) to 10 (extreme) based on 57 features.

On Curistat: Dashboard, forecast

VPIN (Volume-Synchronized Probability of Informed Trading)

Estimates the probability that current trading volume is driven by informed traders. High VPIN precedes large moves.

On Curistat: Methodology

VPOC (Volume Point of Control)

Same as POC but specifically referencing volume profile analysis. The price with the highest traded volume.

On Curistat: Value Area signal

VVIX

Volatility of VIX. Measures how much VIX itself is expected to move. High VVIX = uncertain volatility regime.

On Curistat: Model features

W

Win Rate

Percentage of trades that are profitable. Important but must be paired with risk/reward ratio for a complete picture.

On Curistat: Simulator, backtest